Before that, we can basically understand photoemission. Electrons are emitted when a metal is exposed to ultraviolet rays or light; this phenomenon is called the photoelectric effect.
This experimental setup is how we can determine the
concentration of light on the photoemission during this event.
To make this test setup, we need a discharge tube, cathode, and male terminals. The discharge tube has a quartz window through which external rays or photons can enter. This system also consists of a microammeter, a volt meter, a rheostat, a battery connected to it, and a switch.
This system emits electrons when UV rays or
sunlight enter through a quartz window. A voltmeter connected to this test
system is used to measure the voltage and an ammeter is used to measure the
current flowing in the system.
No photoelectrons are emitted during extinction so the
micrometer shows a zero reading. When ultraviolet rays or light fall on this
cathode, photoelectrons are emitted and the resulting photocurrent in the
circuit is measured by a micro ammeter.
Although this experimental system has already been tried by
many scientists, experiments like this system can be used to detect the
variation in light and current depending on the nature of the voltage
difference metal and the frequency of the beam.
To investigate the effect of the intensity of incident light on
the photocurrent, the frequency of the incident light and the accelerating potential
of the anode should be kept constant.
Electrons are emitted and current flows in the circuit. Now the intensity of the incident light is varied and the corresponding photoelectric current is measured.
The number of electrons emitted is directly proportional to the intensity of the incident light. So, the photoelectric current increases with increasing intensity of incident light rays.